Health Care System of Taiwan and the United States Free Essays

Social insurance Systems of Taiwan and the United States Health care is one of the most fundamental establishments for any citizenship in any nation since whether it is viable or not, it unquestionably influences the way of life and the future of a nation. As indicated by Johnson and Stoskopf (2009), â€Å"A wellbeing framework as portrayed by the World Health Organization (WHO) is the entirety of the considerable number of associations, establishments, and assets whose basic role is to improve health,† (p. 3). We will compose a custom exposition test on Medicinal services System of Taiwan and the United States or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now In this manner, to decidedly improve a country, having a compelling ealth care framework is significant. Being perceived as one of the amazing nations on the planet, the United States has an extraordinary state of medicinal services programs; be that as it may, now and again it is difficult to reach to a portion of the residents. In actuality, as a little nation, Taiwan is renowned for its social insurance framework in spite of the fact that there are as yet deficient parts existing in the current framework. To look at the distinctions of human services frameworks in Taiwan and the United States, we can watch the three significant viewpoints: possession, cost, and quality. Most importantly, Taiwan and the United States have various kinds of proprietorship in the social insurance frameworks. Along these lines, Taiwan claims a solitary payer framework, which is controlled by the administration, constraining everybody to Join it and pay. In view of this arrangement, the inclusion of human services is near 99 percent (Underwood, 2009). In this nation, the administration run framework covers counteraction, essential consideration, hospitalization, Chinese back rub, needle therapy, conventional home grown medication, emotional wellness care, dental, vision, and long haul care. In contrast to Taiwan, the United States has a few sorts of ublic and private subsidizing frameworks: Medicare and Medicaid are the two principle open financed plans for Americans. There is additionally wealth of private insurance agencies for individuals to pick, yet they ordinarily have an extensive rundown of prior conditions, which limits numerous patients since they can't get human services protection. In spite of the fact that the United States contains open and private projects, about 15. 6 percent of Americans had no medical coverage in 2003, (Samuel D. , 2010). Besides, the expense of human services for Taiwanese and Americans is dissimilar. Accordingly, Taiwan spends roughly 6 percent of G. D. P. on human services while the United State spends around 16 percent of G. D. P. (Seth B. , 2009, p. 1). In addition, in Taiwan, individuals only need to pay modest quantity of cash set by the Bureau of National Health Insurance (BNHI) for every clinical assistance got, and the BNHI will cover the remainder of the installment (Taiwan Health Care Reform Foundation, 2010). Accordingly, nobody in Taiwan fails because of the hospital expense. In contrast to Taiwanese, a ton of Americans experience insolvency since they can't manage the cost of their doctor's visit expenses. At last, the nature of medicinal services in Taiwan isn't equivalent to that in the United to go to. Also, there is no sitting tight an ideal opportunity for patients which profoundly upgrades the adequacy of human services. The opposition among open and private medical clinics improves the quality. Moreover, every Taiwanese who is under the inclusion has a Smart Card: an electronic wellbeing record, which is required for patient to bring along when seeing a specialist. The attendants would examine the card and all the clinical record of that patient would show up plainly. It is a paperless framework that improves treatment nd diminishes repetitive procedure of administrative work. Unique in relation to Taiwan, the insurance agencies in the United States limit the patients in what specialists and clinics they can go to, and it is important to set up an arrangement ahead of time. Taking everything into account, it ought to be underscored that the responsibility for care frameworks assumes a significant job for a nation since it may influence the whole framework. The expense decides if the residents of the nation can take care of for the tabs. The general quality is a basic part of medicinal services framework since it ight either legitimately or in a roundabout way impact a patient’s prosperity. It is very hard for me to finish up which one of the medicinal services frameworks is progressively successful because of the way that Taiwan and the United States are unmistakable from numerous points of view, for example, populace and nation size. All things considered, there are as yet a few angles that the United States can gain from Taiwan: for example, contemplating other nations’ medicinal services framework. Before settling on a human services framework, the specialists in Taiwan completed exploration on a few effective countries’ programs and inevitably settled its wn in 1995. Step by step instructions to refer to Health Care System of Taiwan and the United States, Papers

Planets And Solar System Essays - Astronomy, Planetary Science

Planets And Solar System Planets and Solar System The Planets and the Solar System Planets 2 A planet is a divine body that rotates around a focal star and doesn't sparkle by its own light (Grolier, 1992). The main planetary framework that is known to man is our nearby planetary group. It is comprised of nine planets which go in size also, make-up. The nine significant planets in our close planetary system are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. There are additionally numerous other minor planets which are likewise in our close planetary system, yet they are insignificant contrasted with the nine significant planets. In this paper I will examine the planets and how they are every one of a kind. Mercury which is the planet that is nearest to the sun is the primary planet I will examine. Mercury is the littlest of the inward planets. It is hypothesized that the warmth from the sun made it outlandish for the gases present to turn out to be a piece of the planetary development. The outside of Mercury is amazingly hot. It is roughly 470 degrees celsius on a superficial level and is thought to be considerably more smoking at the two problem areas. These hot spots are on furthest edges of the equator. It is the warmth of the surface that makes it incomprehensible for Mercury to have any sort of climate. Mercury circles the sun once at regular intervals and has a valid revolution time of 58.6 days. It is the nearest planet to the sun and along these lines circles quicker than some other planet (Thompson/Turk, 542, 1993). It is said that Mercury pivots multiple times for each two excursions around the sun, so that during Planets 3 each other perihelon section a similar face focuses legitimately at the sun. Topographically, the most surprising highlights of Mercury are compressional bluffs or blames, only the kind of wrinkles that may shape in the outside layer if the inside of the planet shrank marginally (Morrison, 74, 1993). It is hypothesized that it was the cementing of Mercury's metallic center that caused this worldwide shrinkage. Mercury is additionally . . . improved in metal or exhausted of rock (Morrison, 74, 1993). It is moreover accepted that a portion of the inward center of Mercury is still in a liquid state. Researchers likewise accept that Mercury's surface is made halfway of silicate rock. The most ideal approach to depict Mercury is, . . . little, vigorously cratered and airless (Morrison, 71, 1993). Venus is the second nearest planet to the sun and is said to . . . most intently take after Earth in size, thickness, and good ways from the sun (Thompson/Turk, 542, 1993). Venus is referred to most researchers as the sister planet to the Earth. It is called this since it intently takes after the Earth's mass, thickness and width. The main thing distinctive is that Venus is covered in thick mists that totally shroud the outside of the planet (Grolier, 1992). The surface temperature is too a lot hotter than that of Earth. Venus finishes one insurgency around the sun in 224.7 days. This makes the Venusian day equivalent to 117 earth days. It is felt this moderate revolution might be the motivation behind why Venus has no attractive field. Planets 4 The climate of Venus comprised of 98% carbon dioxide and 2% Nitrogen. This climate likewise has the nearness of helium, neon and argon. This is one more thing which makes Venus not the same as Earth. The outside of Venus is a considerable amount like that of the Earth. The surface has volcanoes and smooth fields. A great part of the volcanic action on Venus appears as Basaltic ejections that immerse huge ares, much as the female horse volcanism overwhelmed the affected bowls on the close to side of the moon (Morrison, 93, 1993). One thing that varies from Earth is that there is no water fluid on the Venusian surface. A portion of the logical information that follows was removed from Cattermole's book. The mean good ways from the sun is 108.20 Km. The tropical distance across is 12,012 Km and the central revolution is 243 days. At long last the mass of Venus is 4.87*10^24 (Cattermole, 63, 1993). Venus, albeit unique in relation to Earth, is still our sister planet. Mars is the fourth farthest away from the sun and is perceived by its ruddy shading. Mars is likewise particularly like the Earth. More than some other planet in the nearby planetary group, Mars has attributes that make it an Earth-like world (Grolier, 1992). One thing that is fundamentally the same as Earth is the pivot that is all. Mars pivot period is just thirty seven minutes longer than the Earth's. This

Dunkirk Was a Miracle of Deliverance Essay

From the 27th of May to the fourth of June, there were the nine days of clearing of British, French, Belgian and Dutch officers the same. They were caught in the humble community of Dunkirk because of the port that was there. In the wake of sitting tight for quite a long time, the lion's share were in the long run safeguarded by a mix of maritime vessels and non military personnel pontoons just as angling vessels and ships. It is viewed as an extraordinary triumph for the British as it spared numerous lives albeit a military triumph for the Germans. I concur with the citation over that â€Å"Dunkirk was a supernatural occurrence of deliverance† in view of the staggering proof of the professionals of the activity (codenamed Operation Dynamo). The main master of the clearing was that 338,226 warriors were safeguarded in the activity itself. A significant part of the British expeditionary power (BEF) was safeguarded just as 139,997 French warriors. The German causalities were additionally extremely high with 27,074 slaughtered and 111,034 injured fighters. In spite of the fact that there were numerous material misfortunes, the confidence of the British was raised after the clearing of Dunkirk, as they felt that they were helping in the war exertion and that despite the fact that many had passed on, many lived to â€Å"fight another day†. Another master is that after Dunkirk the Americans were progressively propelled to enter the war and help the partners. Then again I can't help contradicting this citation in light of the fact that even with the protecting of 338,226 men, another 68,000 British warriors were murdered and 290,000 French fighters. About all of Britain’s tanks, planes, maritime vessels, little arms and engine vehicles were either harmed or abandoned on the sea shores of France. Another point for the cons is that numerous regular people were harmed and murdered while attempting to protect the warriors abandoned on the sea shores. All things considered Dunkirk was one of the best military triumphs for the Germans because of the huge loss of British officers and military assets. To finish up, in spite of the fact that this was an extraordinary military triumph for the Germans, it was additionally an incredible assistance in raising the expectation of the British populace. In short I concur with the citation above in light of the focuses expressed above just as the way that on the off chance that Dunkirk had bombed in the scarcest for the British, at that point Churchill would have most likely marked a harmony arrangement with Hitler, permitting the Germans to win the war. In the long haul, Dunkirk was an extraordinary triumph for the British in spite of the fact that it was a major thrashing in the present moment as much military quality was lost.

Outrageous Argumentative Essay Topics on Domestic Violence Tips

Outrageous Argumentative Essay Topics on Domestic Violence Tips If you're interested in our variety of services provided, you're able to easily contact us in case of need. A fast visit to our on-line site is going to have you spoilt for choice. The term can be categorized on several bases. Because of this, wider research ought to be undertaken in this discipline, and its practical value may not be overestimated. There are various types of essays on domestic violence. Help your audience to comprehend the problem better by discussing the effects of domestic violence, even if it's not the main point of your paper. In a sociology class by way of example, you could be requested to compose an argumentative essay on domestic violence. When you're writing an argumentative essay about domestic violence, it's essential not to get rid of the plot. There is a particular controversy linked to this matter, that's why it can be chosen as a superior argumentative essay topic. First and foremost you must receive a hot topic that would ordinarily spark controversy. Only a pick a topic about which you're passionate and then you may start your research. Find out more about the topic thoroughly. Domestic violence is often related to mistreatment of women. It remains a significant social problem in many countries all over the world. It is a serious issue that affects a large percentage of every society, no matter how wealthy the nation. It is among the serious social problems that should not be ignored. More preventive measures have to be taken since the predicament is threatening. Sensitive social and mental issues need careful and expert handling, so we've recruited skilled psychologists and social workers to counsel our writers. Therefore, it's essential to particularly outline the significance of emotional abuse. Serious health problems have been linked with domestic violence. You ought to have a stronghold on the way the audience views the topic that you're writing about so you can better relate to them. This essay is all about the arabic language and the way it could help the people people will discover that it's difficult to get a great job if they don't know an asian. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. Lots of people are getting to be abusive to their relatives and partners. However, you can rest assured that you're getting a fine work for the price tag you're paying. And, the time that it to ok to gather all this to find prepared for a trip. If you're in an abusive relationship or know a person who is, it's your responsible to use the many resources out there to be able to find assist. An important number of deaths are happening on daily basis, as a consequence of domestic violence only. 85000 of those are a casualty of over 6 counts. Females are usually the perpetrators in spousal violence in all cultures which have been studied up to now. Normally, we have a tendency to think about women and children as being the key victims. Women and kids are frequently the soft targets. In many cases, the abusive partner appears perfect in the early phases of the relationship. You need to have a solid grasp of the audiences perception of the topic which you have selected If you've ever sat and watched politicians speak, you've undoubtedly noticed that they not just have a way with words but they have a superior understanding of what's going on in the minds of the majority of people. The variety of things, that should be done during the day, is not possible to count, and this all causes numerous psychological issues, which people aren't always able to address timely. There are hundreds and hundreds of people who are traumatized for the remainder of their lives.

A History of Synthetic Grass

AstroTurf is a brand of artificial turf or synthetic grass. James Faria and Robert Wright of Monsanto Industries co-invented Astroturf. A patent for astroturf was filed for on December 25, 1965, and issued by the USPTO on July 25, 1967. The Evolution of Astroturf During the 50s and 60s, the Ford Foundation was studying ways to improve the physical fitness of young people. At the same time, the Chemstrand Company, a subsidiary of Monsanto Industries, were developing new synthetic fibers for use as tough carpeting. Chemstrand was encouraged to try to make the perfect urban sports surface for schools by the Ford Foundation. From 1962 to 1966, Chemstrand worked on creating new sports surfaces. The surfaces were tested for foot traction and cushioning, weather drainage, flammability and wear resistance. Chemgrass In 1964, the Creative Products Group installed a synthetic turf called Chemgrass at the Moses Brown School in Providence Rhode Island. This was the first large-scale installation of synthetic turf. In 1965, Judge Roy Hofheinz built the AstroDome in Houston, Texas. Hofheinz consulted with Monsanto about replacing the natural grass with a new synthetic playing surface. The First Astroturf In 1966, the Houston Astros baseball season begins on a Chemgrass surface now renamed Astroturf at the AstroDome. Supposedly it was renamed AstroTurf by one John A. Wortmann. The same year, the Houston Oilers AFL football season began on more than 125,000 square feet of removable Astroturf at the AstroDome. The next year, Indiana State University Stadium, in Terre Haute, Indiana became the first outdoor stadium installed with Astroturf. Astroturf Patented In 1967, Astroturf was patented (U.S. patent #3332828 see photos right). The patent for a monofilament ribbon file product was issued to inventors Wright and Faria, of Monsanto Industries. In 1986, Astroturf Industries, Inc. was formed and sold in 1994 to Southwest Recreational Industries. Former Astroturf Competitors All are no longer available. The name astroturf is a registered trademark, however, it is sometimes used incorrectly as a generic description for all artificial turf. Below are the names of a few astroturf competitors, all are no longer in business. Tartan Turf, PolyTurf, SuperTurf, WycoTurf, DurraTurf, Gras, Lectron, PoliGras, All-Pro, Cam Turf, Instant Turf, Stadia Tur, Omniturf, Toray, Unitika, Kureha, KonyGreen, Grass Sport, ClubTurf, Desso, MasterTurf, DLW

Weapons of World War 2 Essay - 1416 Words

Weapons and Artillery of World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and artillery used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly throughout the years. The weapons and artillery used in World War II basically were evolved types of weaponry that were used during World War I (Military History 1). World War II began in 1939 when the German armies decided to invade parts of Europe, therefore causing Europeans to retaliate against the Germans (World War 1). World War II began because those countries which were†¦show more content†¦Some of these smaller weapons include pistols and rifles. A majority of weapons used in World War II were improved weapons from World War II. Most guns increased in power and abilities. In World War II people thought that pistols were u seless but this was proved wrong due to the fact that the U.S. Military spent a lot of time into making a better sidearm. Pistols were mainly used in emergencies or whenever a soldier ran out of ammunition. A pistol, at times, could have decided whether a soldier would live or die in combat depending on the situation. Another factor which made the pistol a very important weapon was the fact that the pistol could be reloaded much faster than a rifle (Slayton 12). Another very powerful gun that was used in World War II was the Submarine guns. The submarine guns are much stronger and better than normal guns due to the fact that they have better firing distances (Military History 7). The submarine gun was built mainly for endurance and for accuracy. This gun had the accuracy to fire from 800 to at least 1,000 yards away and delivers a powerful blow to its victims. One problem which the gun had was the fact that it could dislocate a soldiers arm whenever it was fired. But finally the submarine gun was improved and is now less powerful which makes it easier for firing full automatic rounds along with pistol rounds (8). Another very important weapon used in World War II was theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Weapons of World War 21395 Words   |  6 Pages Weapons and Artillery of World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and artillery used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly throughout the years. 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Case Study on Human Error free essay sample

JFK airport authorities had been told to keep a higher landing rate than safe at 33 planes attempting to land per hour, on one runway the typical rate being 52 in good weather, with all runways open. The airport was experiencing a rate of 27% missed approaches, with 39 planes waiting in holding patterns for clearance to land and dozens waiting to take-off. Sequence of events The 707 had been placed in holding patterns for a total of 1 hour and 17 minutes during three separate occasions over the U. S. east coast. There were 6 different air traffic controllers that had communicated directions to Flight 52 after they entered U. S. airspace, adding confusion and un-transmitted messages, yet at the same time not providing any more crucial information such as weather conditions. The Flight Engineer failed to communicate the urgency of the low fuel situation to the pilot and co-pilot after they passed the point of no return and had to remain committed to JFK –by not having enough fuel to get to their alternate airport at Boston, 342km away from JFK. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study on Human Error or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He also failed to emphasize the importance of landing in their first attempt because they would not have enough fuel to loop around and try again. Another discrepancy was how the co-pilot used the words â€Å"Low Fuel† and â€Å"Priority† rather than â€Å"MAYDAY† and â€Å"Minimum Fuel† while communicating to ATCs. There was a lot of crucial information left out or misinterpreted and not so important information repeated, which could have easily been avoided without the language barriers in place. In terms of the Swiss Cheese model there were many holes in the conversations between ATCs and the flight crew, similarly between the flight crew and passengers, where they weren’t even given a warning. Causes and factors During the chase to point the blame on someone, Avianca stated to investigators that the phraseology used by their pilots was correct as per their training -whether it matched the standard English phraseology used by IATA countries or not they were only following what they thought to be proper protocol. Investigation by the NTSB found many holes in the events leading up to the crash, due to both active and latent failures by the crew, ATCs, and airport management. The leading causes can be attributed to airport mismanagement, inconsistent training for pilots that should have English proficiency, and overall poor communication between ATCs and the flight crew. Repetitive flaws in a system run by human beings shows a clear link in the lack of Risk Management, causing communication gaps referred to as holes in the Swiss Cheese model for human error. CRM stipulates training crew in assertiveness, inter-personal communication, leadership and decision-making, to name a few key attributes these pilots were in need of addressing prior to the incident. There was no problem of experience as both the pilot and co-pilot had flown that route before, and the pilot had 27 years of experience flying for Avianca. The implementation of Crew Resource Management techniques in the previous years must not have been as streamlined as intended, at least not for the American ATCs and those training under Avianca in Columbia. If one lesson would be learned from this it would be that had the crew received effective and efficient CRM training on time, they could have saved 73 people from an almost completely preventable death by human error. References AskCaptainLim. com {comments}. Aviation, Air Crash. Avianca flight 52: why the pilots failed to use proper phraseology. (Last updated October 19, 2008). Retrieved from: http://www. askcaptainlim. com/-air-crash-aviation-34/830-avianca-flight-52-why-the-pilots-failed-to-use-the-proper-phraseology. html Cushman Jr. , John H. New York Times, Archives, Collections, Fuel. Avianca flight 52: the delays that ended in disaster. (February 5, 1990). Retrieved from: http://www. nytimes. com/1990/02/05/nyregion/avianca-flight-52-the-delays-that-ended-in-disaster. html? pagewanted=allamp;src=pm National Geographic, Cineflix Productions. Air Crash Investigation series, Episode S02E05 Missing Over New York. Retrieved from http://natgeotv. com/ca/air-crash-investigation/videos/deadly-delay Wikipedia. org, Avianca Flight 52. (Last updated March 22, 2013). Retrieved from: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Avianca_Flight_52

Amide Definition and Examples in Chemistry

Amide Definition and Examples in Chemistry An amide is a functional group containing a carbonyl group linked to a nitrogen atom  or any compound containing the amide functional group. Amides are derived from carboxylic acid and an amine. Amide is also the name for the inorganic anion NH2. It is the conjugate base of ammonia (NH3). Examples of Amides Examples of amides include carboxamides, sulfonamides, and phosphoramides. Nylon is a polyamide. Several drugs are amides, including LCD, penicillin, and paracetamol. Uses of Amides Amides may be used to form resilient structural materials (e.g., nylon, Kevlar). Dimethylformamide is an important organic solvent. Plants produce amides for a variety of functions. Amides are found in many drugs. Sources March, Jerry (2013). Advanced Organic Chemistry, Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure (7th ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0470462591.Monson, Richard (1971). Advanced Organic Synthesis: Methods and Techniques. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0124336803.Montalbetti, Christian A. G. N.; Falque, Virginie (2005). Amide bond formation and peptide coupling. Tetrahedron. 61 (46): 10827–10852. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.031

How I Wrote My Novel by Building a Community

How I Wrote My Novel by Building a Community How I Wrote My Novel by Building a Community Giuseppe Porcaro is the author of DISCO SOUR: an existential odyssey of a heartsick politician trying to save a war-torn, post-austerity Europe from algorithmic autocracy. In this article, he talks about the collaboration behind his latest novel, which was inspired in large part by interactive events he organized during the writing process.When I first started working on DISCO SOUR, I had a story stuck in my head, and this romantic dream of writing on the beach, sipping on a coconut through a straw and hammering out my book in a couple of weeks. So, I bought a ticket to Indonesia and settled on the island of Gili Meno, where I rented a bungalow by the beach. Fresh Bintangs (local beers) took the place of the coconut.Learning that there’s more to writing a novel than just, well, writingAfter three days on the island, I fell in the mud after a tropical storm and severely dislocated my arm. A local suggested that I visit their aunt in a nearby village because she was an osteopath and would be able to help heal my arm.Finally, I organized a workshop for interactive world building for DISCO SOUR with Librebook, an independent bookstore in Brussels. Jessica Woodworth, an American filmmaker, and Pieter de Byser, a Belgian theatre director, joined to give their own perspectives on creating imaginary worlds.How community-building contributed to my novelAll of these events made my writing journey a unique and collaborative one. They provided a wealth of information for character development and even inspired entire scenes: without these events, the book would have been entirely different. For example, during the â€Å"Eurovisions† event, Denis Maksimov sketched the concept of â€Å"State of Noland,† and the role of free economic zones in hacking nation states. This concept became key in developing the backdrop for my novel: the outbreak of a European civil war.I also included snippets of conversations about dating apps that were recorded during the T inderpolitics performance, and the dance parties I hosted were instrumental in depicting many of the disco scenes.One of the most valuable outcomes of this whole process was the community that formed about DISCO SOUR. Readers became part of the story, helping create the world of the novel simply by showing up and taking part in my events. I also created a Facebook group (which acquired 800 followers), and a newsletter (which has grown to 1,000 subscribers) to keep participants of the event up-to-date on the writing journey. "By throwing events inspired by my book, I allowed readers to become part of the story." However you choose to write your novel, make sure you have funEvery author has a unique approach to writing a book. However, it can be said across the board that creating a story with which you’re happy takes time and consistency, and, above all, it has to be fun. If you don’t have fun writing it, people won’t have fun reading it. "If you don’t have fun writing your book, people won’t have fun reading it." And as any independent author knows, writing a novel is only half the battle. Drumming up interest is the other half. And while my decision to involve people in the writing process was for creative reasons, facilitating shared, face-to-face experiences with potential readers was also an excellent way to build buzz and encourage people to become invested in DISCO SOUR. I learned a great deal from my friends, filmmakers, journalist, native English-speakers (English being a second language for myself), Reedsy professionals, and avid readers - all of whom helped my story grow.Please share your thoughts, experiences, or any questions for Giuseppe Porcaro in the comments below!The book is available for pre-orders on Unbound.I would like to thank Michael Rowley and Jessica Hatch, who I worked with to develop and finalize the manuscript.

Civil Rights and Taxes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil Rights and Taxes - Research Paper Example This is where Civil Rights bridge the Constitution to make certain that those who were previously excluded from the Human Rights that existed, to guarantee they would not be overlooked any longer. The fight for those Civil Rights was a long and difficult road that still to this day remains a struggle because there are always new issues to replace the old. Civil Rights continue to deal with issues of race and religion, as well as, sexual preference and marriage and age discrimination. Overall the arena of Civil Rights is one of social concern it is rarely related directly to economical issues. So it may sound a bit unusual to discuss taxes in relation to the Civil Rights issues, but there is a certain amount of overlay. Taxes were designed as monies taken legally by the government from the citizens to participate in the funding of this country that we live in and enjoy. However, what happen when the taking of those taxes contradict the personal Civil Rights of individuals forcing citizens to financially participate in government endeavors that subverts their Civil Rights? It can happen and may continue to do so. That being said, it is entirely possible for taxes to violate the Civil Rights of the citizens of the United States. When this country was founded it was operated by wealthy, white male citizens. The rights they granted, primarily, benefited them, socially, politically, and economically. They were, by no means, malicious in their construct, but they were self-servingly inclusive. They excluded women. They excluded African Americans who were held in captivity and property for generations, as well as alienating other minority groups throughout time. P.B. Levy in his book â€Å"The Civil Rights Movement† gave a chronological list of all the incredible work done to gain Civil Rights for all the people who live in this country. From the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 to the ratifying of the

Evidence-Based Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Evidence-Based Practice - Essay Example In the field of nursing and medicine, the already existing medical knowledge is undergoing advances with every passing minute. For that matter, it is important for a student nurse or a practicing one to be in touch with these developments and a feasible way for that is research conduction. It not only broadens the horizon for the researcher but also if the conducted research is good enough it proves to be a useful tool for fellow professionals in the setting.  Mosby’s Medical Dictionary (2009) defines Evidence-Based Practice as health care practice in which the practitioner, be it the doctor, nurse or any other healthcare professional, finds sifts through and then uses the latest and appropriate research findings for his clinical decision making. The evidence-based practice has been integrated with almost all professions including medicine, nursing, psychiatry, law etc. With the ever improving sophistication of professional dealings, the responsibility increases on the shoul ders of a nurse, a doctor or any other professional for that matter, to provide the best possible quality of service. This is where evidence based practice comes into play. By developing patient centered approaches in the delivery of quality care using the latest evidence available, evidence based care can be implemented in nursing practice (Emanuel, et al. 2011).  Field and Lohr (1992) define clinical practice guidelines as statements which are developed systematically in order to assist practitioners and patients alike in their decision making regarding requisite health care for various scenarios.  The aim of these statements is to define the role of specific modalities of both diagnostic and therapeutic value for the management of patients. Formation of these guidelines involves a lot of research and evidence based study established on published medical literature.  

Catherine and Rodolfo running Essay Example for Free

Catherine and Rodolfo running Essay Pack it up. Go ahead. Get your stuff and get outta here. Eddie orders Rodolfo to leave even though he is innocent of any wrongdoing. This is only out of quick response to cover up his mistake. This part of the scene out brings and distinguishes the whole outline of the play. It is at this when all the truth and factuality defines out of Eddie. He now expresses himself as the character the audience have gathered. Demonstrating the actual consanguinity of Eddies emotions to Catherine. Knowing that Eddie is blameworthy, Catherine trembling with fright says It think I have to get out of here Eddie She is obviously scared and confused with the change of character and knows that she is in danger. Supporting her objective in leaving but she still feels she is letting down Eddie (she sees the tears in his eyes) At this she feels pity on her uncle and feels guilty. Eddie feels that his relationship with Catherine has been segregated and so to stop her from leaving in a rapid shocking of kissing her. As Rodolfo interferes Eddie ends up kissing Rodolfo also. This is a sign in which Eddie tries to delineate that there is no difference between kissing a woman and Rodolfo which in addition reveals him as feminine. And at this Catherine uses physical force to stop her leaving, this indicates she is angry that she must stop him. In this scene it shows of the relationship between Eddie and Catherine being damaged because of the newfound feud. Eddie does realise he has lost Catherine sexually to Rodolfo and he tries his best to reclaim her. As he witnesses Catherine and Rodolfo running out of the room it is at then he makes an immediate decision. First response he makes is the fact that his niece has lost her virginity to Rodolfo, and at this he realises that he has lost Catherine sexually to Rodolfo. To reclaim his niece he tells Rodolfo to get out. In an early scene Eddie evidently says I mean he looked so sweet there, like an angel- you could kiss him he was so sweet! this relates and concludes to Eddies kiss scene with Rodolfo. This brings out Eddies feminine side and shown his hidden true feelings to Rodolfo. I do not think Eddies actions were a way to insult him but were mixed reasons for his reactions. Personally his actions were to prove his point that Rodolfo was gay. But instead of showing this he includes himself in proving that he too is gay. This changes the view of character of Eddie. As it can somehow define the way Eddie does not want Catherine to be with Rodolfo. Meaning that he a has finally shown his true emotions towards Catherines future husband. As the tension builds up Eddie knows he has damaged the relationship with his niece, evidence that Eddie was very troubled as Alfieri describes his eyes were like tunnels using a simile on the angered look on his face. He tells Alfieri that the guy aint right. I think the reason why he goes against his society and informs because he is a victim of his emotions. As all the emotions mixing, he experiences being pressured into going against his family. This also links onto the first Greek tragedy on the Italian boy who turned against his parents for betraying them. In the beginning of the play it gives us a clue what Eddie is going to do in advance. Personally I think Eddie is a victim of his emotions as it all happens quickly and he is trapped between the pressures of society

Transitions of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment Periods

Transitions of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment Periods The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were times of great emphasis on reason and questioning of faith. The scientists and philosophes of these eras discovered and taught new ideas that often contradicted what the church and former thinkers had taught and believed before them. Most of the intellectual, political, economic, and social characteristics associated with the modern world came into being during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.1 During the Scientific Revolution, people began to question beliefs that they had always taken for granted. Scientists changed people's views of the world they lived in through discoveries such as the theory of the heliocentric universe. During the Enlightenment, philosophes challenged beliefs formerly held by the church and government by insisting that human reason would lead to the solution of all problems. They believed that man should live his life, make his own decisions, and believe w hat he wanted based on his own experiences and what he believed to be true. These two revolutions lead to a movement away from the church and faith, and towards a belief in more scientific and mathematical explanations for the way things worked. One of the aspects of the Scientific Revolution was the popularization of the belief in a sun-centered universe. Before this time, both Aristotle and Ptolemy supported the theory that the earth was the center of the universe and that the stars and planets revolved around it. Also, the realm of God was believed to lie just outside of this universe. This was known as the geocentric theory and the Catholic Church also strongly supported... ...s or herself. The former influence that faith and the church had on everyday life was questioned during these eras and a strong turning from former beliefs was widely evident as the thinkers of this time proposed new ideas on logic and reason. 1 Perry M. Rogers, ed. Aspects of Western Civilization: Problems and Sources in History (Upper Saddle River, N.J., Prentice Hall, 1998) 3. 2 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 11. 3 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 12. 4 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 14. 5 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 9. 6 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 16. 7 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 3. 8 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 4. 9 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 29. 10 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 31. 11 Rogers. Aspects of Western Civilization 35.

Continuous I In Managing Health And Safety, Along With Quality And Environmental Considerations

Introduction Organizations today, in addition to ensuring customer satisfaction and loyalty, must also demonstrate to its broader stakeholders a corporate strategy which underscores social, environmental and health and safety concerns. It should demonstrate commitment to continuous improvement in the management of the health and safety, and working environment of their employees; and should take into account the environmental impact of the business operations and its impact upon the communities and society. A business’s operation in term of what it produces should also be responsible, hence legislation concerning ‘health and safety at work, environmental protection and prohibiting the use of substances hazardous’ have been put in place. Government and other regulatory bodies for instance, Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the Environment Agency (EA), have also been set up to ensure enforcement of these regulations. Stakeholder expectations with regards to the organisations corporate responsibility in respect to the above legal requirements has grown in recent years and also incorporates factors such as, corporate image, the reputation of the organisation and competitive advantage. Numerous management standards including ‘ISO 9001 (1994), ISO 14001 (1996) and OHSAS 18001’ are put in place to deal with these requirements. Each of the standards outlines the requirements for management systems to enable organisations to control or eliminate its health a nd safety and environmental risks and to continually improve its performance and the quality of its product, services and operations. The move towards an integration strategy for an organization’s management systems has largely arisen because of Stakeholders’ expectations of continuous improvement, increasingly stringent legislation and greater market demands (Griffiths, 2000). This essay discusses how an organization can improve its performance in terms of health and safety, and environmental and social impact by adopting a total quality management strategy. It will further discuss how the total quality management system should integrate the aforementioned quality standards to implement a integrated management system. Importance of Integrating Health/Safety, Environment and Social Concerns in Business Operations The benefits of an effective corporate strategy in improving health and safety measures, and environmental and social impact include an improved financial performance and turnover for an organization. Secondly, it can improve an organization’s relations with its external stakeholders including investors and community, which can subsequently create better opportunities for it to access capital (Scheme, 2012). Thirdly, such a strategy is good for employee relations and can enable a favorable corporate culture (Scheme, 2012). Continuous improvement can also enhance risk management capabilities or an organization. Lastly, it could foster stronger relations with legal regulators (Scheme, 2012). One of the reasons that make a corporate strategy with health, safety, social and environmental concerns at its core important for a business’s performance is the growing prevalence of social media (Truist, 2012). Such a corporate strategy can help a company create a positive image (Truist, 2012). Moreover, such a strategy can enable an organization to engage with its audience/customers in ways beyond its products or services (Truist, 2012). Another benefit of such a corporate strategy is that it fosters a positive relationship of an organization with governments (Truist, 2012). Companies who continually improve their operation and thus have a positive social perception are better positioned to cope up with government regulators (Truist, 2012). On the other hand, an organization can be faced with a bad public image which can have significant impact on its financial and business performance in case it fails to address these management issues. It has become very important for organizations to implement and accredit with quality, health and safety systems and environmental due to the increasing pressure from their internal and various external stakeholders. These include governments and regulatory bodies, local communities, customers, workers, and suppliers and business partners. However, organisations require considerable amount of resources to implement and maintain of such systems or to make changes to existing ones. This may have a direct affect on the bottom line of the business corporations. Accreditation with quality standards and acquiring certifications can incur hefty costs. If in-house expertise is not available many companies may need the services of external consultants to assist them in adhering to such quality standards. These costs, for many small or medium sized businesses can therefore be prohibitive. Irrespective of this, organisations have to face the demands of their various stakeholders to ensure a p ositive engagement with them. These issues greatly affect what firms decide and what they do. Continual improvement to the complete customer satisfaction implies that business corporations should aim at a point where they meet the requirements of quality in terms of environment and safety standards in addition to product and service quality. It can be critiqued here that adhering to high quality standards has better pay off in long term and thus quality does not incur additional costs. Philip Crosby supports this view in his work titled as Quality is Free (1979). The book turned a light on for many of its readers. The book contended that contrary to the common perception, quality does not add any costs to a product. Indeed adding quality is a break-even proposition at its least and highly profitable at its best since quality always pays off in the long run (Crosby 1979). During the 1970s and 1980s when Crosby proposed this contention, corporate strategies were mainly focused on tasks such as achieving efficiency in manufacturing or improving sales. Corporate managers generally had low priority for quality related issues and similarly lacked experience in such matters. This entire period was generally marred by negligence of quality. However, quality in its various forms has become an integral part of the modern day organ izations and an important corporate agenda due to the highly competitive business environment and increased social awareness. Customers nowadays are judging brands more and more based on ‘how’ these have been sources and produced (De Oliveira Matias and Coleho, 2002). This has implications for a wide array of factors that affect the overall quality of various business processes. These include the quality of the goods/services and business functions, and the overall these operations in terms of environment, workers health and safety and ethical standards. The growing influence of these factors is a shift away from just economic sustainability towards economic, social and environmental sustainability. There is generally more awareness regarding how business entities treat the environment and workers. In a step further, a large segment of the consumers are taking these factors as benchmarks for judging the quality of goods/service produced by corporations (Schema, 2012). With the growing popularity of such wider interpretations of quality standards, companies are required to integrate quality re lated management systems (and related certifications) in their corporate strategy. Management Systems Adherence to Quality Management Systems (QMS) such as ISO 9001 and ISO 9004 can be considered as a starting point for improving quality. This can then be extended to systems related to the environment, social responsibility and occupational health and safety through systems such as ISO 14001 and/or EMAS, SA 8000, and OHSAS 18001 respectively. Adherence to these standards can be accompanied by the development of the model of quality through a shift from simple quality control system towards a Total Quality Management (TQM) approach (Matias and Coelho 2002). TQM,† is an integrative philosophy of management for continuously improving the quality of products and processes† (Ahire, 1997). This philosophy is aimed towards continuous improvement in all processes.Total Quality ManagementTQM system was put forth by Dr. W. Edwards Deming (Deming 1986). He proposed that by adopting appropriate practices of management, businesses can improve quality while reducing costs (due to th e reducing in waste, rework, staff attrition and litigation). According to him, in order to increase quality and reduce costs simultaneously, businesses would have to practice continual improvement and consider manufacturing as a system rather than bits and pieces (Reilly 1994). Deming proposed 14 points as a framework for transformation of organizations from the present style of Western management to a total quality culture. These points can form principles for continuous development in various business aspects including health and safety, and social and environmental responsibility. The points do not constitute much as an action plan but more of a philosophical code for management. These fourteen points are: â€Å"Create constancy of purpose. Adopt the new philosophy. Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality End the practice of awarding business on the basis of price tag. Improve constantly Institute training on the job. Institute leadership Drive out fear Break down barriers between departments Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defects Eliminate work standards, Substitute leadership Eliminate management by objective. Substitute leadership. Remove barriers that rob the worker of his right to pride of workmanship. Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement. Put everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation†. (Deming 1986) Organizations can implement such a management system to ensure continuous improvement in managing health and safety, along with quality and environmental considerations.Quality Management SystemFor realizing this management philosophy, the implementation of a formal Quality Management System (QMS) is a desirable objective. To address these specific corporate goals, organizations seek accreditation to specific standards. The ISO 9000 is one such standard which comprises of â€Å"a set of essential elements that enable the design and implementation of quality management systems† (ISO 9001. Generally, the application of these standards will raise the abilities of a company; for instance; improving performance of operations, reputational value, cutting costs, and supplier and sub-contractor selection. Along with the fundamental requirement of quality, many organizations now strive to achieve and demonstrate to their stakeholders a sound environmental performance, by curtailing t he impact from their activities, products and services on the natural environment. These environmental issues are considered in the ISO 14000 Standards (Standards for the Environmental Management Systems). These standards, (quality and environment) emphasize on the importance of similar managerial aspects such as top management commitment, leadership and continuous improvement in performance. Moreover, the OHSAS 18001 standard aims to assist organizations in management and control of their health and safety risks and in the overall improvement of the OH&S performance. Organizations with quality and environmental management systems, which are certified, or aspire to ISO 9001 and ISO 14000 standard’s certification should in addition incorporate a system of management of health and safety such as OHSAS 18001. A strong commitment to these standards can advance to a complete corporate strategy by amalgamating all these three standards into an integrated management system (IMS ).Integrated Management Systems (IMS)An IMS is â€Å"the organisational structure, resources and procedures used to plan, monitor and control project quality, safety and environment† (Griffith 1999). Other definitions are comprehensively detailed in Wilkinson and Dale (2000). The case for integration of the three standards described for quality, occupational health and safety and the environment is now widely discussed in literature and IMS is increasingly seen as part of the organisation’s management portfolio. There are several requirements and points that are common to the three management systems, such as: â€Å"system requirements, leadership (management responsibility), management of resources, management of processes, system implementation and monitoring and measuring† (Griffith, 1999) These three sets of standards con be combined under a common underlying principle of continuous improvements based on Deming’s (1982) TQM cycle of Plan-Do-Check-Act. Furthermore, these three sets of standards can share the same managerial resources such as (1) system documentation, (2) business process records, (3) corporate policies, (4) project planning, (5) managerial responsibility, (6) strategy implementation, (7) management controls, (8) communication standards and systems, (9) audits, (10) conformity, among others. With regards to leadership, these standards require process leadership from the top management in order to allocate maximum responsibility to the top management. Regarding prevention, these standards demand the identification of preventative actions for the mitigation of potential `non-conformities’. Concerning continuous improvements, these standards underscore the improvement of management system in a continuous manner. The structure of OHSAS 18001 has been developed to advance compatibility with the quality management (ISO 9000) and environmental management (ISO 14000) systems. This compatibility eases the integration of the three systems in the organization.Benefits of IntegrationAn organization may attain a number of tangible and non-quantifiable benefits from the implementation of an integrated management system. In term of operational management, IMS ensures that the daily operations are being performed effectively without the need for high level management intervention and input, thereby freeing up of management time to concentrate upon tactical issues and focusing on strategic management. Decision making processes are improved as the IMS provides up-to-date information from a single source. It achieves improvement in resource utilisation through reduction in the duplication of processes and procedures and the time spent in the review of documentation; this accomplishes a tangible cost benefit, as opposed to the duplication of effort required for three totally different systems. An integrated system also provides for a higher level of management control than is the case for the management of separate systems. An integrated system overseen by a single person, who has an overview of all the operations of the company and can provide input into the development of the overall goals and objecti ves of the organization, thereby making it easier to implement changes, rather than the restricted, functional approach in fulfilling individual system’s objectives. The implementation of an integrated system can also lead to enhanced communications in the organization. By delivering effective IMS training programs, confusion can be avoided that may result in contradictory messages being conveyed through the separate system training programs. Hence employees at all level across different departments can exchange ideas and expertise in the same manner and utilise the same approach. As a tangible benefit, organisations can realise a positive cost benefits through efficient operational processes and procedures and improved resources utilisation. By keeping the overheads down through these improvements, organisations can maintain market share and achieve competitive advantage. With regards to reputation and corporate image, organisation may also undergo enhancement social perception, as having an IMS demonstrates environmental and social responsibility. In addition to the positive cost benefits illustrated above, another direct cost benefit that can be achieved by integration is in the internal and external audit requirements. Separate management systems require each individual system to have separate internal and external audits. However, since the procedures are amalgamated in the integrated system, this considerably reduces this requirement. Further, by focussing on issues pertaining workers’ occupational health and safety, for example, through the i ntensification of worker job satisfaction can lead to an increase in productivity which can imply greater efficiency and financial revenue for the organization. Adequate management of occupational health and safety would, thus, also bring a positive influence in shareholder interest and, consequently, in the organization’s suppliers, providing more opportunities for business. Moreover, benefits are also to accrue at the level of product compliance and conformity, bringing satisfaction to customers and a reduction of scrapped material with the implied environmental benefits. One can thus conclude that all the elements interested in the organization would be satisfied.Difficulties in Integration of SystemsThe existing systems of organizations may seem to be sufficient and work well and integrating new approaches in business operations and corporate strategy can threaten the structure and reliability of the current arrangements that may have the support of all within the organis ation. The IMS can become over centralised and over-complex and lack the flexibility to consider local needs and constraints, thus leading to employers and employees becoming unconvinced by what they see as a worsening of this scenario under integration. Organisational vulnerability to against change can cause unforeseen consequences during the integration implementation. Furthermore, whilst IS0 9000, the quality management standard and ISO 14001 the environment standard are internationally recognised and certifiable, OHSAS 18001 the occupational health and safety management systems – specification, though certifiable, is not internationally recognised. Health and safety and environmental management are often underpinned by law whereas quality management system requirements are in the main, established by stakeholder requirements (IOSH, 2012) Conclusions Nowadays, it has become important for business organizations to engage with its stakeholders as part of its corporate strategy. Understanding their concerns and aspirations is considered to be an important prerequisite of a successful and sustainable corporate strategy. With an increased understanding of the stakeholders concerns and aspirations, businesses will be better positioned to capitalize on upcoming opportunities which may include better-motivated employees and good relationship with external stakeholders. In today’s business world, various stakeholders have become active in their demand for a business to become socially and environmentally viable in additional to its economical viability. In general, an organization can improve its business operations in terms of health and safety, and environmental and social impact by adopting a total quality management corporate strategy. Particularly, an organization can adhere to specific standards such as ISO 9001, ISO 14000 and OHSAS 18001 to pursue a total quality management approach in the area of health and safety, environment and social responsibility. Adherence to such practices and standards can be amalgamated through an integrated management system that collectively dealswith quality, environmental, and health and safety management. The need for an IMS has also arisen as a result of the decision to implement an environmental management system (EMS) and/or an occupational health and safety management system (OH&SMS) in addition to a quality management system (QMS). IMS as a concept does not, emerge merely from the possibility for a company to exploit existing synergies between different management systems that it can adopt (saving money, time and human resources). On the contrary, it is something intrinsic to the cornerstones of quality, environment and health and safety, namely continual improvement and total customer satisfaction (Salomone, 2008). References Ahire, S. L. (1997), Management Science– Total Quality Management interfaces: An integrative framework. Interfaces 27 (6) 91-105. Beckmergan, L.A., Berg, H.P., Karapetrovic, S.V., & Willborn, W.O., (2003). Integration of management systems: focus on safety in the nuclear industry. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol. 20, Iss: 2 pp 220-228. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1988 Crosby, P (1979). Quality is Free. New York: McGraw-Hill. Cua, K. O., K. E. McKone, and R. G. Schroeder. (2001), Relationships between implementation of TQM, JIT, and TPM and manufacturing performance. Journal of Operations Management, 19 (6) 675-694. De Oliveira Matias, J.C., and Coleho, D.A. (2002), the integration of the standards systems of quality management, environmental management and occupational health and safety management. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 40, No. 15, 3857-3866. Deming, W.E. (1982), Quality, Productivity and Competitive Position, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Centre for Advanced Engineering Study, MA Deming, W. E (1986). Out of the Crisis. MIT Press. Environmental Protection Act 1990 Griffiths A., (2000), Integrated management systems: a single management system solution for project controlEngineering Construction and Architectural Management 7 3, 23-240. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 IOSH, (2012), Joined-up working. An introduction to integrated management systems. www.iosh.co.uk. ISO 9001, http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/management-standards/iso_9000.htm Karapetrovic, S., (2003), Musings on integrated managements systems; Measuring business excellence, Vol. 7, No.1, pp. 4-13 OHSAS 18001, Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Specification. Salomone R., (2008), Integrated management systems: experiences in Italian organizations; Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 16, Iss. 16, Nov. 2008, pp. 1786–1806 Reilly, N. B. (1994). Quality: What Makes it HappenVan Nostrand Reinhold. p. 31. Schema, (2012) The Importance of CSR. Schema Sustainability Partner. Available from http://schemaadvisory.com/the-importance-of-csr/ (cited on 30th April, 2013) Truist (2013) Why Corporate Social Responsibility is so Important in 2013. Available from http://truist.com/why-corporate-social-responsibility-is-so-important-in-2013/ (cited on 30th April, 2013). Walton, M. (1986). The Deming Management Method. Penguin Group. pp. 94 Wilkinson & Dale, (1999), Integrated management systems: an examination of the concept and theory; The TQM Magazine, Vol.11, No. 2, pp. 95-104. Winder, C., (2000), Integrating OHS, Environmental and Quality Management Standards; Quality Assurance, No. 8, pp. 105-135.

Advocacy And Public Policy Making - 1469 Words

PAGE 1 OF 5 Advocacy and Public Policy Making HA545- Health Policy Kaplan University Introduction The purpose of this essay is to discuss Medicare Part D, as well as the influence of the various interest groups and governmental entities during this process. This essay will discuss both the policy process and the policy environment (the key players involved and other circumstances that shaped this policy-making effort), how stakeholder groups influenced the final outcome of Medicare Part D legislation, the specific strategies and tools that were used most effectively, and if the fact that Medicare Part D passed corresponds with my understanding of policy and politics. Medicare Part D, also called the Medicare prescription drug benefit, is a United States federal-government program to subsidize the costs of prescription drugs and prescription drug insurance premiums for Medicare beneficiaries in the United States. Enacted as part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 and went into effect on January 1, 2006 (Wikipedia, 2010). In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Imp rovement and Modernization Act (MMA) became law. The act created the Medicare Part D drug benefit to provide drug coverage to elderly and disabled people who did not previously have it. The stand-alone prescription drug plans that are the lynchpin of the program did not previously exist. The structure of the program is clearly intended to increase the role of private plans in Medicare (TheShow MoreRelatedPublic Policy Issues: Case of Keystone and House Bill 1540689 Words   |  3 Pagesthe government. Public policy is a guide for the administrative function of the state to implement laws, regulatory measures and funding priorities that will benefit the citizenry. Generally, it is embodied within macro constitutional or legislative documents and acts, and/or judicial decisions (Schuster, 2009). 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These interestRead Moreessay LD201866 Words   |  4 Pageslegislation and policies which are designed to promote the human rights,inclusion equal ife chances and citizenship of individuals with learning disabilities †¢ Disability Discrimination Act †¢ Human Rights Act †¢ Equality Act †¢ Health and Social Care Act (Regulated activities) †¢ Essential Standards †¢ Mental Capacity Act. †¢ National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990 †¢ Company policies and procedures †¢ Disability Equality Duty 2006.. 1.2 Explain how this legislation and policies influenceRead MoreNike s Responsibilities And Responsibilities1609 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society the public plays a major part in any business because in order for a business to be sustained there must be clients/customers that are contributing to the business. It’s vital that companies build their missions around focusing on the needs and demands of the customers. Nike is a company that is continually evolving with the people and society. Nike engages in public policy advocacy on a range of issues affecting their business, the industry and other areas of concern. They useRead MoreSocial Workers and Policy Advocacy Essay864 Words   |  4 Pagesit is important to engage in policy practice. It is a part of the profession, whether you like it or not. It is an aspect that can change the way things are done for clients in a good way or bad. If you want to be more affective in practice, advocating for policies is one way of making sure your clients receive what they deserve. Chapin (2011) talks about how as a social worker you cannot take on every social policy issue, but it is important to consider the policies that affect your client populationRead MoreWhat Makes Policy Stick?1602 Words   |  7 PagesPolitics and Public Policy October 1, 2015. QUESTION 1: WHAT MAKES POLICY STICK? A good definition of Policy is the concept of action adopted by an individual, organization, or government. Policy could come in different forms providing the nature of business. Example of policies include; Foreign policy, Immigration policy, Civil right policy, Transportation policy. Policy implementation guides and regulates actions/procedures in a business or firm. In the book â€Å"Policy regime and policy change† byRead MoreEssay On Advocacy Strategies1286 Words   |  6 PagesThe advocacy strategy must be evaluated because advocacy often only provides results partially, an advocacy team needs to measure and monitor regularly and objectively what has been accomplished and what more important to be done. Primarily, evaluation is important in terms of accountability means to examine whether a case can be made that an advocacy effort produced its intended results and also to ensure the advocacy efforts are doing what they said they would do and that the well-managed resourcesRead MoreMobile For Youth Legal Services1452 Words   |  6 PagesAn interview was conducted with Miss Kessler a legal advocate who has worked at Mobile for Youth Legal Services for over five years. Mobile for Youth (MFY) legal services is an independent non-for-profit organization that provides free legal and advocacy services to the underserved population in New York City who cannot afford an attorney. MFY maintains a robust practice on a wide range of civil legal issues such as housing, disability rights, employment and health care benefits, among others. MFYRead MoreHow Did Structural Concepts Influence The Use Of Advocacy And Inquiry?1632 Words   |  7 Pagesand services of KCLS was in full swing, but there were still many organizational issues dealing with advocacy, encouraging public service motivation, and both human resource and structural problems. Explain the use of advocacy inquiry, or lack thereof that occurred throughout the case. How did structural concepts influence the use of advocacy and inquiry? Bolman and Deal (2013) define advocacy as including statements that communicate what an individual actually thinks, knows, wants or feels